Description

Erlotinib Tablets 150 mg

Erlotinib Tablets 150 mg is a prescription oral targeted therapy used primarily in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and advanced pancreatic cancer, especially in patients with confirmed EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) mutations. It belongs to a class of medicines called Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs).

Erlotinib works by blocking EGFR, a protein on the surface of cells that helps them grow and divide. In certain types of cancers, EGFR is overactive, causing uncontrolled growth. By blocking this protein, Erlotinib helps stop or slow cancer progression.

Brand Name: Tarceva
Generic Name: Erlotinib
Dosage Form: Oral tablet
Strength: 150 mg

Indications

Erlotinib 150 mg is indicated for:

• First-line treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC
• Maintenance therapy in patients with stable disease following first-line chemotherapy
• Second or third-line treatment in advanced NSCLC after progression on chemotherapy
• Pancreatic cancer (100 mg dose), in combination with gemcitabine

Note: EGLR mutation testing is recommended before starting treatment in NSCLC.

Mechanism of Action

Erlotinib is an EGFR inhibitor. It works by binding to the intracellular domain of the tyrosine kinase portion of the EGFR:

• Inhibits downstream signaling for cell division and survival
• Slows tumor growth and disease progression
• Often leads to tumor shrinkage in EGFR-positive patients

It does not affect healthy EGFR-negative cells, which reduces unnecessary toxicity compared to some chemotherapy drugs.

Dosage and Administration

• Standard Dose for NSCLC: 150 mg once daily
• Route: Oral (by mouth)
• Administration: Take on an empty stomach (at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after eating)
• Do not split, crush, or chew the tablet

Dose modifications may be necessary for side effects or organ function issues. It’s important to follow your doctor’s exact instructions regarding dose and frequency.

Composition

• Active Ingredient: Erlotinib Hydrochloride equivalent to Erlotinib 150 mg
• Excipients: Sodium starch glycolate, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, etc. (may vary by manufacturer)
• Packaging: Usually available in blister packs or bottles of 30 tablets

Common Side Effects

• Rash (acne-like skin rash)
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Anorexia (loss of appetite)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Dry or itchy skin
• Hair thinning or mild hair loss
• Eye irritation

Serious Side Effects

• Interstitial lung disease (rare but serious lung issue)
• Liver toxicity (elevated liver enzymes, jaundice)
• Gastrointestinal perforation
• Kidney function changes
• Stevens-Johnson Syndrome or other severe skin reactions

Regular blood tests may be needed to monitor liver and kidney function, along with imaging to monitor cancer response.

Warnings and Precautions

• Smoking reduces Erlotinib effectiveness. Avoid tobacco use.
• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Not recommended due to potential harm to fetus or infant
• Eye monitoring: May be necessary due to risk of corneal damage
• Use with caution in patients with existing liver or kidney disease
• Not recommended in pediatric patients unless specifically advised

Drug Interactions

• Avoid antacids or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), as they may reduce absorption
• CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers may alter Erlotinib blood levels
• May interact with warfarin, increasing risk of bleeding
• Avoid grapefruit juice, which may interfere with metabolism

Storage Instructions

• Store below 30°C in a dry place
• Keep in original blister or bottle until use
• Protect from moisture, light, and heat
• Keep out of reach of children

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is Erlotinib 150 mg used for?
It’s primarily used to treat EGFR-positive non-small cell lung cancer and, at lower doses, pancreatic cancer.

2. Is Erlotinib chemotherapy?
No. It is a targeted cancer therapy, specifically an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

3. How should I take Erlotinib?
Take orally on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after food.

4. Can I take other medications with Erlotinib?
Some medications may interact. Inform your doctor about all prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, and supplements you are taking.

5. Can smokers take Erlotinib?
Smoking lowers the effectiveness of Erlotinib. It is strongly advised to quit smoking while on treatment.

6. What should I do if I miss a dose?
Skip the missed dose if it’s almost time for the next one. Never take 2 doses at the same time.

7. Do I need regular check-ups during Erlotinib therapy?
Yes. Blood tests and scans are required to monitor treatment response and side effects.

8. Is a prescription required?
Yes. Erlotinib is a prescription-only anti-cancer medication.

9. Can I crush or cut the tablets if I have difficulty swallowing?
No. Tablets must be swallowed whole to ensure proper absorption.

10. How long can I take Erlotinib?
As long as it is working and side effects are manageable. Your doctor will decide the duration.