Description

Axitinib – Generic Inlyta

Axitinib is an oral anti-cancer medication used primarily in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), one of the most common types of kidney cancer. It acts as a VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor) inhibitor, which means it works by blocking the pathways that tumors use to form new blood vessels — a process known as angiogenesis.

This inhibition slows or stops the growth of cancerous tumors by preventing their blood supply.

Axitinib is typically used when other cancer therapies have failed or when the disease progresses despite initial treatment.

Brand Names

• Inlyta (Brand Name)
• Also available in generic form as Axitinib

Drug Class

• Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI)
• VEGFR Inhibitor
• Oral Targeted Therapy

Mechanism of Action

Axitinib selectively inhibits vascular endothelial growth factors 1, 2, and 3. These receptors are involved in tumor angiogenesis — the development of blood vessels that supply nutrients and oxygen to tumors.

By blocking these receptors, Axitinib effectively:

• Reduces blood supply to the tumor
• Slows cancer cell growth
• Minimizes the spread of cancerous cells

Indications and Usage

Axitinib Tablets 1 mg are indicated for:

• Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), especially after the failure of one prior systemic therapy
• Sometimes used off-label in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (under clinical supervision)

Note: This medication is not intended for early-stage renal cancer or preventive use.

Dosage and Administration

• Standard Starting Dose: 5 mg twice daily
• Tablet Strength Available: 1 mg (lower-strength for dose adjustment)
• Administration: Oral, twice daily approximately 12 hours apart
• Can be taken with or without food
• Swallow tablets whole with water

Your doctor may adjust the dose based on tolerance and blood pressure readings.

Composition

• Active Ingredient: Axitinib 1 mg
• Inactive Ingredients: Lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, hypromellose, magnesium stearate

Packaging and Storage

• Available in blister packs or bottles
• Typically packed in 14-tablet and 28-tablet containers
• Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F)
• Protect from light and moisture
• Keep out of reach of children

Common Side Effects

• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Decreased appetite
• Nausea and vomiting
• Weight loss
• Hand-foot syndrome (skin rash or pain on palms/soles)
• Hoarseness

Serious Side Effects (Seek medical attention)

• Arterial or venous thromboembolic events (blood clots)
• Bleeding disorders
• Gastrointestinal perforation
• Liver function changes
• Protein in urine (proteinuria)
• Heart problems

Routine monitoring of blood pressure, liver function tests, and kidney function is required.

Warnings and Precautions

• Pregnancy: Can cause harm to a fetus. Not recommended.
• Breastfeeding: Avoid during and for at least 2 weeks after the last dose.
• Surgery: Stop treatment at least 2 days before a planned major surgery.
• Cardiovascular risks: Monitor if patient has a history of heart problems.
• Drug Interactions: Avoid use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers (e.g., ketoconazole, rifampin).

Patient must stay hydrated and regularly monitored for side effects during treatment.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to Axitinib or any component of the formulation
• Uncontrolled high blood pressure

Clinical Benefits

• Improved progression-free survival in kidney cancer
• FDA and EMA approved after failure of first-line agents
• Can be used in combination with immunotherapy agents under guidance

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is Axitinib used for?
Axitinib is prescribed for advanced renal cell carcinoma, especially when previous treatments have failed.

2. Is Axitinib a chemotherapy drug?
No. Axitinib is a targeted therapy, not a traditional chemotherapy. It works by blocking tumor blood vessel growth rather than killing cells directly.

3. What is the starting dose of Axitinib?
The standard starting dose is 5 mg twice daily. The 1 mg strength is a lower-dose form used for dose adjustment.

4. Can Axitinib be taken with food?
Yes, it can be taken with or without food.

5. What are the major side effects of Axitinib?
Common side effects include high blood pressure, diarrhea, fatigue, loss of appetite, and skin reactions on hands or feet.

6. Can pregnant women take Axitinib?
No, it is unsafe in pregnancy and can harm fetal development.

7. How long can I take Axitinib?
Duration depends on individual response. It continues until disease progression or intolerable side effects occur.

8. Is a prescription required for Axitinib?
Yes, a valid prescription is required. It is a high-risk medication that must be taken under medical supervision.

9. How should I store Axitinib tablets?
Store at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep it in the original packaging.

10. Can Axitinib be used with immunotherapy?
In some treatment regimens, yes. Combination therapy with immunotherapy may improve outcomes in some patients, but must be monitored closely.