Ethambutol Tablets 1000 mg

Ethambutol is a well-established first-line antituberculosis antibiotic recommended by international health authorities for the management of drug-susceptible tuberculosis. The 1000 mg strength is typically used in weight-based dosing regimens, particularly for adult patients requiring higher daily doses as part of multidrug TB therapy.

Ethambutol Tablets 1000 mg are prescribed alongside other antitubercular agents such as isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide to improve treatment effectiveness and prevent bacterial resistance. The medication slows bacterial growth by interfering with cell wall synthesis, allowing companion drugs to eliminate the infection more effectively.

Mechanism of Action

Ethambutol inhibits the enzyme arabinosyl transferase, which is essential for the synthesis of arabinogalactan, a key structural component of the mycobacterial cell wall. Disruption of this process weakens the bacterial cell wall and suppresses replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, supporting the overall effectiveness of combination TB therapy.

Indications

Ethambutol Tablets 1000 mg are indicated for use in:

• Pulmonary tuberculosis

• Extrapulmonary tuberculosis

• Initial and continuation phases of TB treatment, as part of combination therapy

Ethambutol should not be used as monotherapy, as this increases the risk of drug resistance.

Dosage & Administration

• Dosage is determined by body weight, clinical condition, and treatment phase

• Typically administered once daily

• Tablets should be swallowed whole with water

• Can be taken with or without food, as advised by a healthcare professional

Patients must complete the entire prescribed course, even if symptoms improve, to ensure full eradication of the infection.

Safety Information & Precautions

Visual Monitoring

Ethambutol is associated with potential optic nerve toxicity, especially at higher doses or with prolonged use. Patients should undergo:

• Baseline visual acuity testing

• Periodic colour vision assessments

Any changes in vision, including blurred vision or difficulty distinguishing colours, should be reported immediately.

Use With Caution In

• Patients with renal impairment

• Individuals with pre-existing eye disorders

• Patients with a history of gout or elevated uric acid

Ethambutol should only be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding if the potential benefit outweighs the risk, as determined by a healthcare provider.

Possible Side Effects

Commonly reported side effects may include:

• Visual disturbances

• Headache

• Dizziness

• Nausea

• Loss of appetite

• Joint pain or elevated uric acid levels

Serious adverse effects are uncommon but require immediate medical attention.

Drug Interactions

Ethambutol may interact with:

• Antacids containing aluminum

• Other antitubercular medicines

• Medications affecting kidney function

Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medicines and supplements they are taking.

Storage Instructions

Store Ethambutol Tablets 1000 mg in a cool, dry place below 25 °C, protected from moisture and direct sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

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